Theories of judicial review and democracy usually take for granted a homogeneous people, and different opinions may be compromised in the process of democratic politics. However, in some societies, especially in new democracies, social cleavage divides the people and substantially challenges the homogeneous assumption. Various social cleavages generate constitutional controversies and seek resolution from the courts. In what way social cleavages trigger conflicts and translate into constitutional issues? What roles do or should courts play in the face of social cleavage? How can the court, as a strategic actor in democratic societies, response to social divisions and political cleavage?